Enhancing the Effectiveness of Work Groups and Teams
Kozlowski, S. W. J., & Ilgen, D. R. (2006)
Introduction
Work groups and teams are increasingly common in modern organizations, but they often struggle to reach their full potential. In this article, Kozlowski and Ilgen (2006) explore ways to enhance the effectiveness of work groups and teams through research-based interventions.
Key Factors Affecting Team Effectiveness
Group Composition
Research has shown that the composition of a team can greatly affect its effectiveness. Teams that are diverse in terms of skills, backgrounds, and experiences tend to perform better than homogenous teams.
Task Design
The design of the team's task is another key factor in its effectiveness. Tasks that are challenging, meaningful, and well-structured tend to result in better performance and higher levels of satisfaction.
Social Processes
The social processes within a team, such as communication, coordination, and conflict management, can also greatly affect its effectiveness. Teams that are able to establish norms of trust and mutual respect tend to perform better than those that struggle with these processes.
Research-Based Interventions
Training
Training programs can be effective in improving team processes and outcomes. For example, training in communication skills can help teams to better coordinate their efforts and resolve conflicts.
Leadership
Effective leadership is another key factor in team effectiveness. Leaders who are able to establish clear goals, provide feedback, and create a positive team culture can greatly enhance team performance.
Technology
New technologies, such as video conferencing and collaborative software, can also help to enhance team effectiveness by improving communication and coordination.
Conclusion
By understanding the key factors affecting team effectiveness and implementing research-based interventions, organizations can greatly enhance the performance and satisfaction of their work groups and teams. Kozlowski and Ilgen's (2006) research provides a valuable roadmap for achieving these goals.
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